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TREATMENT OF ASTHMA
Treatment
1) Treatment for asthma attacks
An asthma attack should get treatment as soon as possible to open the airways. Drugs used to prevent also used to treat asthma, but in higher doses or in a different form.
Beta-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the form of inhalers (inhaled medications) or as a nebulizer (for shortness of breath very heavy). Nebulizer directs air or oxygen under pressure through a solution of the drug, resulting in a mist to be inhaled by the patient.
Treatment of asthma can also be done by giving injections of epinephrine or terbutaline under the skin and aminophyllins theophylline) through intravenous infusion.Patients who experience severe attacks and showed no improvement on other treatments, can get an injection of corticosteroid, usually intravenously (through a vein).
In a severe asthma attack is usually low blood oxygen levels, so given extra oxygen. If dehydration occurs, may need to be given fluids intravenously. If infection is suspected, antibiotics are given.
During a severe asthma attack, carried out:
• examination of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood
• examination of lung function (usually with a spirometer or peak flow meter)
• chest X-ray examination
2) Long-term treatment
One of the most effective treatment of asthma are inhalers containing beta-adrenergic receptor agonist. Excessive use of inhalers can cause heart rhythm disturbances.
If the use of a bronchodilator inhaler 2-4 times / day for 1 month is not able to reduce symptoms, can be added corticosteroid inhalers, cromolin or leukotriene modifiers. If symptoms persist, especially at night, can also be added to per-oral theophylline.
3) Prevention
Asthma attacks can be prevented if the trigger factors are known and can be avoided. Attacks triggered by exercise can be avoided by taking medicine before exercise.Download this article here
Download this article in Indonesian here
