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INTRODUCTION
Medical
Medical
Sticks Aesculapius, the symbol representing the general medicine
Medicine (English: medicine) is a science and art of learning about the disease and ways of healing. Medical science is a branch of medical science that studies on how to maintain human health and the people back to good health by providing treatment in disease and injury. This science includes knowledge about the human body systems and diseases and treatment, and application of knowledge.
History
At first, most early cultures in the community use of herbal plants and animals to treatment measures. This is in accordance with their magical belief that animism, magic, and gods and goddesses. Animistic society believes that inanimate objects have spirits or have any relationship with the ancestral spirits.
Medical science gradually evolved separately in different places namely ancient Egypt, ancient China, ancient India, ancient Greece, Persia, and others. Around the 1400's there was a big change in the approach to the science of medicine. It starts with denial, because it does not correspond with the facts, to various issues raised by figures in the past (compared with the rejection of Copernicus in astronomy Ptolemaic theory. A few new characters such as Vesalius (an anatomist) paved the way denial towards grand theories like the theory of ancient medicine of Galen, Hippocrates, and Avicenna. It is estimated that this occurs due to the weak strength of the church in society at that time.
Medical science as practiced in today's developing at the end of the 18th century and early 19th century in England (by William Harvey, 17th century), Germany (Rudolf Virchow) and France (Jean-Martin Charcot, Claude Bernard). Modern medical science, medicine "scientific" (in which all the results have been tested) replaces the earlier tradition of Western medicine, herbalism, humorlasime Greece and all pre-modern theories. Developmental center of medical science changed to Great Britain and the United States in the early 1900s (by William Osler, Harvey Cushing).
Evidence-based medicine (evidence-based medicine) is the action that is now undertaken to provide an effective way of working and using the scientific method and modern global information science.
Now, the science of genetics has influenced medical science. This began with the discovery of genes causing various diseases caused by genetic abnormalities, and the development of molecular biology techniques.
Science of herbalism developed into pharmacology. Modern period actually begins with Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch's discovery that the disease spread by bacteria (around 1880), which is then followed by the discovery of antibiotics (circa 1900s). The antibiotics were first discovered sulfa drugs, derived from aniline. Treatment of infectious diseases had lower infection rates in Western societies. Hence began the drug industry.
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