© Kucoba.com Webmaster Tools | Blogger Tool
The knowledge and understanding related to the electrophysiology are as follows:1) Electrophysiology heart is the study of electrical or bioelectrical activity of the heart so the heart can function optimally.2) Electrophysiology not only occurs only in cardiac muscle cells, but in all the cells of our body occurs or the presence of electrical activity / electrophysiology in order to maintain our body's balance or haemostasis.3) All of the factors or elements associated with bioelectrical body, will influence the bioelectrical physiological processes throughout the body.4) The main element that affects the body's bioelectrical are electrolytes (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cl, phosphate), body fluids and oxygen.5) If there is an imbalance between the main elements that I mentioned above, there will be disruption to the process bioelektrical throughout the body (not just in the heart).6) Since our topic is related to cardiac electrophysiology, then I take it back if there is an imbalance of fluids and electrolytes and oxygen in the body will affect the work function of the heart.
I emphasize again that the heart is subject elektrofisiolgi fisiolgi bioelektrikal we must understand that cause the heart to perform its function can be pulsed pump blood throughout the body.The smallest unit of living things is the cell. Jutaaan cells will form a network, and the heart is formed from the collection of networks that make up the organs of the heart. Bioelektrikal due continuitas heart electrical activity of pacemaker cells in the heart that causes cardiac contraction and relaxation on a regular basis.
The heart is one organ that has the privilege, namely:
• automaticity: Spontaneous heart beat regularly and independently without the intervention of other body systems. In other words, if we separate them with heart-healthy body, the heart still beating. Why is that? Because the heart has a natural pacemaker cells that are automatically issued on a regular basis impulses. The heart has a principal place of pacemaker cells of the SA node, AV node, Bundle of His and Furkinje fiber. Normal cardiac pacemaker cells in SA node impulse 60-100x/menit issued regularly. Whereas other pacemaker that serves as a backup if the SA node susceptible to interference. Pacemaker that serves as a backup that is the AV node 40-60x/menit, Furkinje 20-40x/menit fiber.
• excitability: If there is an imbalance in the elements that play a role in the process of cardiac cell electrophysiology, the heart cells may respond physiologically to maintain hemostastis.
• Conductivity: The existence of neuromuscular networks that make up the track or a special way as a wire conductor bioelektrik between the SA node, AV node, Bundle of his, Furkinje fiber which will be passed on cardiac muscle cells to be pulsed.
• Contractility: physiologically able to respond to the impulses that go into cardiac muscle cells to contract and relax.
1 cycle = 1 heart = heart rate in an ECG beat consisting of a PQRST. The question is ... how the occurrence of cardiac cycle or heart beat or 1 beat ECG in view of electrophysiology.
As I have said that with the bioelektrikal activity in cardiac cells that cause the heart to beat, completing the cycle and will be recorded by an ECG machine with the PQRST waves in every beat. The main factor we should consider is the major ions that are vital in maintaining the balance at the time of the bioelektrikal in heart cells. The ions were potassium (K +), (Na +), (Ca +), (Mg +) which play a very important role in maintaining the balance of the process bioelektrikal on a cardiac pacemaker cells.You can see the difference in charge between the ions and their ektraseluller intraseluller with its function.
The nominal rate between inside and outside the cell can change, one of which is physiologically due to an electrical surge in continuitas issued by the pacemaker cells, and pathologically affected the electrolyte balance disorders or other diseases.
I want to explain the processes that occur on a single bioelektrikal cel!
Each cell in the seal by the cell membrane, where not all the ions cross the arbitrary because the process of crossing through the membrane has been governed by a natural mechanism that is Na +-K + - ATPase (adenosine triphosphate) sodium pump, or simply what we call the sodium pump. He is (sodium pump) that plays a very important balance bioelektrikal the cardiac pacemaker cells.In the resting state or the resting potential or polarization, outside the cell positively charged (especially Na + ions), whereas in cells muatanya relatively negative, the ECG machine will be recorded only the isoelectric line.
(CHECK PROCESS "A")
Movement and change the negative into a positive charge in cardiac cells is called depolarization. If the movement or direction of depolarization toward positive electrode, it will be recorded in the ECG EKG positive deflection. Vice versa if the direction of depolarization away from the positive electrode, then the ECG would produce a negative deflection.
(CHECK THE "B")
Note: (isoelectric line = zero line)
And when the direction of depolarization leads away from the positive electrode elektoda then, it will produce a biphasic deflection.Movement or changes in the cell payload of cargo pasitip back to the negative charge is called repolarization. Should be part of the first cell will follow the depolarization suffered by the repolarization process. And any positive electrodes which are headed by the direction of repolarization in contrast to depolarization. But the phenomenon bioelektrikal pade single cell is different from what happens on the whole heart, where the direction of repolarization starts from epikardium to endocardium. So in ECG repolarization process will be recorded together with the depolarization.
(CHECK THE "C")
The occurrence of sudden load changes called Action Potesial, or part of the process is the action potential depolarization. Where the single action potential will form the unity of the action potential which will be recorded in the ECG machine ECG waveform graph.
Still in a single cell .......
Comparison of the ion charge between outside and inside the cell is relatively balanced, where the charge polarization phase of the positive ions, especially Na + outside. Physiologically that the process of bioelektrikal continuously without any external influence or process can be slow or fast running system due to the influence of neurological and electrolyte balance disorders. Then the cell membrane permeability to Na + increases so that Na + entry into cells (phase 0) of a sudden, after which the process of depolarization occurred in phase 1 and 2 where the charge in a cell is relatively positive, shortly after depolarization K + ions out of the cell. In phase 3, the sodium pump will contribute optimally to restore the charge on the ion balance between outside and inside the cell. Sodium pump will mengelurkan of cell Na + and K + enter from outside the cell. Pade phase 4, the cell membrane is ready to accept changes to repeat the action potential.
